3rd Meeting of the GEANT Experts group Brussels, 10 March 2011 Frdric Hemmer CERN IT Department Head CERN IT Department CH-1211 Genve 23 Switzerland Outline CERN Mission LHC Data in 2010 Connectivity Requirements CERN & Gant Future opportunities Conclusions CERN IT Department CH-1211 Genve 23 Switzerland 10 March 2011 Expert Group on Networking - Frdric Hemmer 2 The Mission of CERN
Push forward the frontiers of knowledge E.g. the secrets of the Big Bang what was the matter like within the first moments of the Universes existence? Develop new technologies for accelerators and detectors Information technology - the Web and the GRID Medicine - diagnosis and therapy Train scientists and engineers of tomorrow Unite people from different countries and cultures CERN was founded 1954: 12 European States Today: 20 Member States ~~ 2300 2300 staff staff ~~ 790 790 other other paid paid personnel personnel >> 10000
10000 users users Budget Budget (2011) (2011) ~1000 ~1000 MCHF MCHF 20 20 Member Member States: States: Austria, Austria, Belgium, Belgium, Bulgaria, Bulgaria, the the Czech Czech Republic, Republic, Denmark, Denmark, Finland, Finland, France, France, Germany, Germany, Greece, Greece, Hungary, Hungary, Italy, Italy, Netherlands, Netherlands, Norway, Norway, Poland, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland Portugal, Slovakia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and and the the United United Kingdom Kingdom 11 Candidate Candidate for for Accession: Accession: Romania Romania 88 Observers Observers to to Council: Council: India, India, Israel, Israel, Japan, Japan, the the Russian Russian Federation, Federation, the the United United States States of of America, America, Turkey,
Turkey, the the European European Commission Commission and and UNESCO UNESCO 4 2010 Tier-0 Data Taking Stored ~ 15 PB in 2010 with peaks at 220 TB/day during Pb+Pb Tier-0 Bandwidth Average in: 2 GB/s with peaks at 11.5 GB/s Average out: 6 GB/s with peaks at 25 GB/s Expert Group on Networking Frdric Hemmer 7 Highlights of 2010 - Data transfers Preparation for LHC startup Final readiness test (STEP09) First LHC physics data @ 450 Gev Nearly 1 petabyte/week LHC physics data @ 3.5 Tev
LHC running: April Sept 2010 LHCOPN External Networking: Average: 13 Gb/s with peaks at 70 Gb/s 8 CERNs mission (contd) CERN Research is not only about LHC: Antihydrogen/Antiproton ATRAP, ASACUSA, ACE, ALPHA Solar Axion Search CAST CNGS Opera, Icarus Isotopes Isolde, REX-Isolde Compass Archived 2.5 PB in 2010, of ATLAS... Dirac, Cloud, Ntof, etc... AMS CERN IT Department CH-1211 Genve 23 Switzerland 10 March 2011
Expert Group on Networking - Frdric Hemmer 9 CERNs mission (contd) CERN is not only about Physics WHO is connected via CERN to the Commodity Internet UNOSAT staff and servers hosted at CERN CERN IT Department CH-1211 Genve 23 Switzerland 10 March 2011 Expert Group on Networking - Frdric Hemmer 10 Connectivity Requirements CERN users must be guaranteed the possibility to connect to their research facilities (CERN as a host lab)
From almost anywhere in the world Operator neutral Cost effective Open & Flexible Sustainable Some facilities like LHC requires (very) high bandwidth Must be guaranteed, 24x7 Data to reach scientists as soon as possible In particular wrt. their US & Asian colleagues Usually relies on a mixture of Research and Education Networks, Projects & Commercial Circuits CERN IT Department
CH-1211 Genve 23 Switzerland Innovation driving the requirements Must guarantee that European researchers remain in a competitive position One hour of LHC operation costs ~20 KCHF (300 KCHF if investment is considered) Must evolve to match the needs of the experiments Data was available within hours in 2010 allowing for publications in matters of weeks 10 March 2011 Allowing a diversity of solutions based on capabilities & costs Expert Group on Networking - Frdric Hemmer 11 Connectivity Requirements (II) Other requirements include Connectivity to the general purpose (commercial) Internet
To be in a position to sustain ~100 million hits/day on web servers from the general public To be able to webcast in HD quality high level events (including satellite transmission) To be able to perform remote teaching to schools and universities all around the world To ensure business continuity using SaaS (and perhaps soon Clouds) To provide organizations such as UNOSAT & WHO prompt access to their information and/ or data Connectivity to third countries, in particular Africa To foster collaboration with high energy physicists in Africa To promote open access digital libraries for Africans (with Unesco) Connectivity to the local area CERN IT Department CH-1211 Genve 23 Switzerland France and Switzerland To comply with signed collaboration agreements such as with WHO and the French Haute-Savoie Mairies and Schools (CRI74) Further agreements with Intl Organizations in Geneva are likely to come 10 March 2011 Expert Group on Networking - Frdric Hemmer 12
CERN and Gant CERN remains 100% committed to Gant: CERN hosts the Gant PoP Very pleased with the overall reliability Although there remain operational problems with Dante CERN pays of the Swiss national contribution to Gant But actually has no say in the process Monitoring, procedures, 5 Gbps peering But observes that prices have dropped and competition has increased (7/2010 Cost of 10 Gbps CHF/10 Mbps*month): Telco 1 Telco 2 Telco 3 Telco 4 Telco5 (CH) (US) (DE)
(CH) (UK) 2.25 CERN IT Department CH-1211 Genve 23 Switzerland 8.11 6.74 Enforcing competition and return to the member states Might be difficult in the future to justify non-competitive costs of Gant Sustainability cannot be guaranteed with short term EC projects 3.66 CERN is bound by financial rules 2.89
But LHC is scheduled to run for the next 20 years It would be desirable to be able to sign SLAs with Dante Premiums and Penalties would be included The separation of academic and commercial traffic might be problematic in the future 2011 Access to commercial services 10 March Expert Group on Networking - Frdric Hemmer 13 Future changes impacting networking CERN Geographical Enlargement Might imply connectivity and higher bandwidth to other regions of the world E.g. India, China, Brazil, Cyprus, Turkey, Mexico, etc... CERN Scientific Enlargement Might imply connectivity and higher bandwidth for other communities E.g. AstroParticle, Neutrinos in Asia, etc... Remote Tier-0 CERN intends to host part of its Tier-0 capacity elsewhere in a member state A possible consequence would be a requirement for high bandwidth and low latency Possible use of Cloud Computing Might require high bandwidth to commercial Internet
CERN IT Department CH-1211 Genve 23 Switzerland 10 March 2011 Expert Group on Networking - Frdric Hemmer 14 Conclusions CERNs networking requirements are various, from guaranteed high bandwidth to collaborating institutes, to minimal connectivity to the third world And will evolve due to CERNs geographic and scientific enlargements CERN is in general satisfied with Gant But its sustainability is questioned Not clear how the competition required by CERN financial rules can be taken into account Innovation is a key factor that will drive the evolution of the computing models of virtual organizations CERN IT Department CH-1211 Genve 23 Switzerland 10 March 2011
Expert Group on Networking - Frdric Hemmer 15 Another remark CERN is are interested in federated identity systems and consider the work of GEANT with eduRoam and eduGAIN as being potentially interesting A Workshop on federated identity systems for scientific collaborations workshop for 9-10 June 2011 at CERN in Geneva, Switzerland CERN IT Department CH-1211 Genve 23 Switzerland 10 March 2011 Expert Group on Networking - Frdric Hemmer 16
