Happy Tuesday Scientists! Today: DQ: Which type of graph would be best for graphing your rocket data? Graphing Study Guide and Graphing Rocket Data More Time and Distance Graphs Graphing Study Guide Are you ready to go? Complete the handout! There are 4 major types of graphs well use this year. I can emember that
Types of Data 1. Discrete data = consist of categories (days of the week, kind of animal, color) 2. Continuous data = consist of measurements involving a scale with equal measurements; a range of values (temperature, length of time in hours, height in centimeters) Four major types of graphs 1. Pie chart/graph = consist of categories (display percentages) 2. Bar graph = used to represent discrete data; the IV is typically qualitative and DV is typically quantitative Four major types of graphing 3. Line graph = used to represent continuous data, usually tracking changes over time; the IV and DV are both quantitative and the line connecting the points has meaning 4. Scatter plot = similar to a line graph, but the data points are NOT connected because a connecting line would have no
meaning; a line of best fit might be constructed to show a trend in the data; IV and DV are typically both quantitative Scatter plot Helicopter Drop Time Influenced by Paperclips 25 This is a line of best fit it is a straight line that comes as close to possible as all the data points Drop Time (s) 20 15 10 5 0 0
1 2 3 4 # of Paperclips The data points should NOT be directly connected because the IV is discrete 5 6
7 Bar Graph 6th period student drink choices # of students 25 20 15 Series1 10 5 0 pepsi coke
root beer dr. pepper Drink Option This is what we mean by discrete data its a category and theres no middle value between each category Line Graph Elevation (m) Jill's Elevation Change While Hiking 1200 1050
900 750 600 450 300 150 0 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5
3 3.5 4 4.5 Time (hours) Each value here has meaning (I could determine Jills elevation at 3.2 hours) so I connect my data points with a line 5 5.5 Pie chart
Here I have data organized in a percentage out of 100 this is good way to represent it A few final thoughts Scientists must represent their data graphically in a fair way that tells the most accurate story It is possible to change the scale of a graph to make it look like the data tells a much different story than the numbers actually show Additional labels might also be used to make the reader infer certain things from the same set of data d scientist! For example At most, how different is the average rainfall from this years rainfall?
This graph has been manipulated to make it look like there is a much bigger difference in rainfall than 0.4 cm Good scientist! A more accurate graph Scatter ScatterGraphs Plots Scatter Scattergraphs Plots are used to show whether there is a relationship between two sets of data. The relationship between the data can be described as either:
Shoe Size Positive Correlation Shoe Size Height Soup Sales 1. A positive correlation. As one quantity increases so does the other. 2. A negative correlation. As one quantity increases the other decreases. 3. No correlation. Both quantities vary with no clear relationship. Temperatur e Negative
correlation Annual Income No correlation Scatter Graphs Scatter Plots Scatter Scattergraphs Plots are used to show whether there is a relationship between two sets of data. The relationship between the data can be described as either: 1. A positive correlation. As one quantity increases so does the other. 2. A negative correlation. As one quantity increases the other decreases. 3. No correlation. Both quantities vary with no clear relationship.
Shoe Size Shoe Size Height Soup Sales A negative positive correlation correlationisischaracterised characterisedby byaastraight straightline linewith withaapositive negative gradient.
Temperatur e Annual Income Height (mpg) Petrol consumption Physics test scores 1 Scatter Plots State the type of correlation for the scatter graphs below and write a sentence describing the relationship in each
case. 3 2 Positive None Negative Outside air temperature Daily hours of sunshine Sales of Ice Cream Sales of Sun cream Heating bill ()
KS 3 Results Car engine size Maths test scores (cc) There with no relationship higher maths between scores tend KS 3 to results get higher and
the physics height scores. oflower. As People theisengine outside tend tosize air buytemperature of less more cars ice sun
increase, cream cream increases, inthey when rainier use heating the weather. more weather bills petrol. will is sunnier. (Less be
mpg) students. 4 6 5 Negative Positive Negative Daily rainfall totals (mm) A positive or negative correlation is characterised by a straight line with a positive /negative gradient. The strength of the correlation depends on the spread of points around the imagined line. Strong Positive
Strong negative Moderate Positive Moderate Negative Weak Positive Weak negative Drawing a Line of Best Fit A line of best fit can be drawn to data that shows a correlation. The stronger the correlation between the data, the easier it is to draw the line. The line can be drawn by eye and should have roughly the same number of data points on either side. Lobf
The sum of the vertical distances above the line should be roughly the same as those below. D-TAILS D-TAILS is an acronym used to help you remember everything you need to create a successful graph. D-TAILS Data covers 50% of the graph area and is accurately placed. NO!!! YES!!! D-
TAILS Title Includes what the graph is about and both the manipulated and responding variables. Hours of Sleep vs. Quiz Scores Axis Labels manipulated variable is always on the x-axis and responding variable is always on the y-axis
AILS Hours of Sleep vs. Quiz Scores Quiz Scores D-T Sleep I D-TA LS Hours of Sleep vs. Quiz Scores 100 Quiz Scores Interval Marks Consistent
spacing and always start at zero! 75 50 25 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Sleep L D-TAI S Hours of Sleep vs. Quiz Scores 100 Quiz Scores (%) Label Units
In ( ) after the axis label, include the proper units (if there are units) 75 50 25 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Sleep (hrs) D-TAIL Hours of Sleep vs. Quiz Scores 100 Quiz Scores (%) Scale
Always go by an even scale. Ex: 1,2,3,4 NOT 1,2,4,8 S 75 50 25 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Sleep (hrs) Graphing check list Appropriate type of graph for your data Title with IV and DV
Labels on each axis Axes have consistent intervals Graph your rocket data Use the average distance for each rocket You may graph your data using the computer (excel or google sheets) You may graph your data by hand on graph paper
